What are Information Assets?

Last updated: 2025-08-07

Primary information assets are the data, information, and knowledge that a business needs to operate and make decisions. These assets are stored, processed, or shared through software, on paper, or in people's minds. When primary assets are disrupted, the business cannot operate or make informed decisions, and management activities are affected.

  • They are controlled and organized collections of data, information, or knowledge that hold value for the business.
  • Primary assets depend on supporting assets.
  • Primary assets are only available if supporting assets are functioning and accessible.

See here how to identify primary information assets and examples.

What are the Most Common Information Assets in Companies?

Every business has its own set of information assets depending on its industry. However, most small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) typically manage the following common types of information:

  • Business data such as orders, project details, and sales information
  • Customer Databases: Important client information including contact details and purchase history
  • Financial Records: Balance sheets, income statements, and tax documents
  • Employee Records: Personal information, performance reviews, and payroll details
  • Research and Development Data: New ideas, test results, and product plans
  • Company knowledge and expertise
  • Product Information: Standard operating procedures, proprietary technologies (e.g., recipes, source code)
  • Login credentials (for banking and other systems)
  • All information classified as confidential
What are information asstes

How Information Assets Depend on Other IT Assets

Information assets need to be stored somewhere, whether that's in software, on paper, or even in people's knowledge. If these information assets are compromised, the business can't operate properly, and important decisions and management activities will be disrupted.

  • they are connected to supporting (secondary) assets that they rely on
  • data is only accessible if these supporting assets are functioning correctly

Why Small Businesses Need to Know Their Information Assets

How to keep information assets inventory